SSC CGL 2025 ( Held on : 12th September 2025 : Shift-1)
PART-A: GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AND REASONING
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series:
WZWT, WVOH, WRGV, WNYJ, ?
MCQ
Explanation:
First letter is constant (W).
Second letter: $Z(26) \to V(22) \to R(18) \to N(14) \to J(10)$ (-4 shift).
Third letter: $W(23) \to O(15) \to G(7) \to Y(25) \to Q(17)$ (-8 shift).
Fourth letter: $T(20) \to H(8) \to V(22) \to J(10) \to X(24)$ (-12 shift).
In the following question, select the related word from the given alternatives. Mekong : Tibet :: Amazon : ?
MCQExplanation:
This is a river-to-origin analogy. The Mekong River rises in Tibet; the Amazon River originates in the Andes mountains, primarily in Peru.
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. CGK, GKO, KOS, OSW, ?
MCQExplanation:
Each letter shifts +4 forward: First letter $C(3) \to G(7) \to K(11) \to O(15) \to S(19)$ . Second letter $G(7) \to K(11) \to O(15) \to S(19) \to W(23)$ . Third letter $K(11) \to O(15) \to S(19) \to W(23) \to A(1)$ .
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. MIN, NJM, OKL, PLK, ?
MCQExplanation:
First letter: $M \to N \to O \to P \to Q$ (+1). Second letter: $I \to J \to K \to L \to M$ (+1). Third letter: $N \to M \to L \to K \to J$ (-1).
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. BRF, EUH, HXJ, KAL, ?
MCQExplanation:
First letter: $B \to E \to H \to K \to N$ (+3). Second letter: $R \to U \to X \to A \to D$ (+3). Third letter: $F \to H \to J \to L \to N$ (+2).
In the following question, select the related word from the given alternatives. Watt : Power :: Pascal : ?
MCQExplanation:
Watt is the SI unit of Power. Pascal is the SI unit of Pressure.
Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series: MCFI, NEKP, OGPW, PIUD, ?
MCQExplanation:
First letter: $M \to N \to O \to P \to Q$ (+1). Second letter: $C \to E \to G \to I \to K$ (+2). Third letter: $F \to K \to P \to U \to Z$ (+5). Fourth letter: $I \to P \to W \to D \to K$ (+7).
What comes next in the following series? 3, 12, 7, 16, 11, 20, 15, ?
MCQExplanation:
The pattern alternates between adding 9 and subtracting 5: $3+9=12, 12-5=7, 7+9=16, 16-5=11, 11+9=20, 20-5=15, 15+9=24$ .
Each of the letters in the word STUDENT is arranged in alphabetical order. How many letters are there in the English alphabetical series between the letter that is second from the left and the one that is fourth from the right in the new letter-cluster formed?
MCQExplanation:
Alphabetical order of STUDENT: D, E, N, S, T, T, U. Second from left is E. Fourth from right is S. Letters between E and S: F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R (Total 13).
Which of the following addresses are identical to each other? 1. Arjun Mehta A-101, Emerald Towers, Surat, 395001 2. Arjun Mehta A-101, Emerald Tower, Surat, 395001 3. Arjun M. A-101, Emerald Tower, Surat, 395001 4. Arjun Mehta A-101, Emerald Tower, Surat, 395001
MCQExplanation:
Address 2 and 4 are exactly identical in spelling, spacing, and punctuation. Address 1 has 'Towers' and Address 3 has 'Arjun M.'
Which of the following is/are identical to the address given: Meenal Gupta 102, Silver Oaks, Sector 12, Noida, 201301. 1. Meenal Gupta 102, Silver Oaks, Sector 12, Noida, 201301 2. Meenal Gupta 102, Silver Oaks, Sector-12, Noida, 201301 3. Meenal Gupta 102, Silver Oaks, Sector 12, Noida 201301 4. Meenal Gupta 102, Silver Oaks, Sector 12, Noida, 201302
MCQExplanation:
Address 2 uses a hyphen, Address 3 misses a comma, and Address 4 has the wrong pincode. Only 1 matches exactly.
Find the option that best completes the analogy. AG : IO :: CM : ?
MCQExplanation:
Pattern is +8 for both letters: $A(1)+8=I(9), G(7)+8=O(15)$ . Applying to CM: $C(3)+8=K(11), M(13)+8=U(21)$ .
A is facing North. B is seated second to the right of A. Who is sitting immediately to the left of B?
MCQExplanation:
Positions from left to right: A, Immediate Right of A, B. The person to the immediate left of B is the one to the immediate right of A.
In the following question, the second word is related to the first word by a specific pattern of letter transformation. Identify the same pattern and apply it to the third word to find the correct option that completes the analogy. TIME : VJOG :: WORD : ?
MCQExplanation:
Transformation for TIME to VJOG: $T+2=V, I+1=J, M+2=O, E+2=G$ . Applying +2, +1, +2, +2 to WORD: $W+2=Y, O+1=P, R+2=T, D+2=F$ .
In each of the following questions, a specific pattern such as reversal or rearrangement has been applied to the first word to get the second. Apply the same pattern to the third word and find the correct answer from the given options. GNIDAER : READING :: NOITULOS : ?
MCQExplanation:
The letters of the first word are reversed to form the second word. Reversing NOITULOS results in SOLUTION.
In each of the following questions, the first word is coded to form the second word using a specific rearrangement and/or substitution rule. Apply the same rule to the third word to determine the correct corresponding word from the given alternatives. AYRRJC : CATTLE :: NCPDCAR : ?
MCQExplanation:
Each letter is shifted forward by 2 positions (+2). Applying this to NCPDCAR: $N+2=P, C+2=E, P+2=R, D+2=F, C+2=E, A+2=C, R+2=T$ .
Identify the odd one: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 20
MCQExplanation:
All numbers in the sequence are prime numbers except 20, which is a composite number.
Which of the following is the odd one out?
MCQExplanation:
Options 1, 2, and 4 are sets of prime numbers. Option 3 consists of even composite numbers.
Rani said, "The man in the photo is my mother's son-in-law." Who is the man to Rani?
MCQExplanation:
A mother's son-in-law is her daughter's husband. Rani is the daughter, so the man is her husband.
In each of the following questions, a group of three numbers/symbols is given in each option. Identify the group that does NOT follow the same pattern as the others.
MCQExplanation:
Options 1, 2, and 3 show letters and their positions descending by 2. Option 4 descends by 3 ( $14 \to 11 \to 8$ ).
In each of the following questions, a group of three numbers/symbols is given in each option. Identify the group that does NOT follow the same pattern as the others.
MCQExplanation:
Options 1-3 use consecutive Shift keys from a QWERTY keyboard top row. Option 4 breaks the sequence by repeating '@' and using '_'.
Pointing to a man, a woman said, "His mother is the only daughter of my father." How is the man related to the woman?
MCQExplanation:
"The only daughter of my father" is the woman herself. If she is the man's mother, the man is her son.
Pointing to a woman, John says, "She is the wife of my uncle's only son." How is the woman related to John?
MCQExplanation:
Uncle's only son is John's cousin. The cousin's wife is John's sister-in-law.
A man said, "My mother's husband's only son is the father of your sister's brother." How is the man related to you?
MCQExplanation:
"My mother's husband's only son" is the man himself. "Your sister's brother" is you or your brother. The man is your father.
If # = x, @ = -, $ = +, then evaluate: 9 # 2 @ 3 $ 1
MCQExplanation:
Evaluated as $9 \times 2 - 5 + 1 = 14$ per official answer key context, though a literal evaluation is $9 \times 2 - 3 + 1 = 16$ .
PART-B: GENERAL AWARENESS
Which pathway in cellular respiration generates the most ATP?
MCQExplanation:
The ETC generates 32 to 34 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, significantly more than glycolysis or the Krebs cycle.
Arrange the following events in chronological order: a. Eastern Zonal Council meeting 2022 b. States Reorganisation Act passed c. First Central Zonal Council meeting
MCQExplanation:
States Reorganisation Act (1956), First Central Zonal Council (1957), Eastern Zonal Council meeting (2022).
Which of the following most accurately describes the legal character of the right to property under Article 300A of the Indian Constitution?
MCQExplanation:
Following the 44th Amendment (1978), the right to property became a constitutional/legal right under Article 300A.
For a rigid body, the angular velocity of any particle about a given axis of rotation is:
MCQExplanation:
All particles of a rigid body undergo the same angular displacement in the same time interval, hence angular velocity ( $\omega$ ) is identical for all.
The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) places emphasis on the use of technology to ensure the authenticity of evidence. This is particularly relevant for:
MCQExplanation:
The BSA 2023 modernizes provisions to authenticate digital and electronic records as admissible evidence.
Read the below statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Assertion (A): The One Nation One Ration Card ensures portability of food grains. Reason (R): It uses Aadhaar-enabled biometric authentication.
MCQExplanation:
The scheme's portability is technically enabled and secured by Aadhaar-based biometric authentication.
Cheraw, the bamboo dance performed using crossed bamboo sticks, is a folk dance of which state?
MCQExplanation:
Cheraw is a traditional cultural dance of Mizoram involving rhythmic clapping of bamboo staffs.
What is a key factor assessed in the Global Firepower Military Strength Ranking 2025?
MCQExplanation:
Financial capability, including defense budgets, is a core category for GFP's PowerIndex assessment.
Which of the following correctly describes cooperative sector industries?
MCQExplanation:
Cooperative industries are owned and operated by the producers, suppliers, or workers who pool resources and share results.
Education is now placed under which list after the 42nd Amendment?
MCQExplanation:
The 42nd Amendment (1976) transferred Education from the State List to the Concurrent List.
What is the main objective of the National Framework for Climate Services (NFCS) launched in 2024?
MCQExplanation:
The NFCS aims to deliver actionable climate information to sectors like agriculture, water, and health.
Argon is produced in Earth's crust via?
MCQExplanation:
Argon-40 is continuously produced in the crust by the radioactive decay of Potassium-40 ( $K-40$ ).
Which of the following is true about Fundamental Rights and DPSPs?
MCQExplanation:
Fundamental Rights are legally enforceable in courts, while DPSPs are non-justiciable guidelines for the State.
PART-C: QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE
Arrange the fractions $5/9, 4/7, 3/5$ , and $2/3$ in ascending order.
MCQExplanation:
Decimal values: $5/9 \approx 0.555, 4/7 \approx 0.571, 3/5 = 0.600, 2/3 \approx 0.666$ . Order: $0.555 < 0.571 < 0.600 < 0.666$ .
Simplify: $(2\frac{1}{2} + 3.6) - 1.9$
MCQExplanation:
$(2.5 + 3.6) - 1.9 = 6.1 - 1.9 = 4.2$ .
Evaluate: $7\frac{1}{4} - 5/6 \div \{ 1/3 - (1/2 \times (3/4 - 1/4)) \}$
MCQExplanation:
Parentheses: $(3/4 - 1/4) = 1/2$ . Multiply: $1/2 \times 1/2 = 1/4$ . Braces: $1/3 - 1/4 = 1/12$ . Bracket division: $5/6 \div 1/12 = 10$ . Final: $7.25 - 10 = -2.75 = -2\frac{3}{4}$ .
From a sample of 200 software engineers, determine the ratio of those proficient in Python to those proficient in Java: Proficient in both: 50; Python only: 70; Java only: 60; Neither: 20
MCQExplanation:
Total Python = $70 + 50 = 120$ . Total Java = $60 + 50 = 110$ . Ratio = $120:110 = 12:11$ .
Arvind invested Rs 80,000 for 12 months. Bhavin joined 4 months later with Rs 1,20,000. Chandan joined 8 months from start with Rs 1,60,000. Total profit is Rs 1,05,000. Find Chandan's share.
MCQExplanation:
Ratios: Arvind ( $80k \times 12$ ) : Bhavin ( $120k \times 8$ ) : Chandan ( $160k \times 4$ ) = $9.6:9.6:6.4 = 3:3:2$ . Chandan's share = $(2/8) \times 105,000 = Rs 26,250$ .
A invests Rs 80,000 for 9 months, B invests Rs 1,20,000 for 6 months. Profit is Rs 45,000. Find B's share.
MCQExplanation:
Ratio: A ( $80,000 \times 9$ ) : B ( $120,000 \times 6$ ) = $720,000:720,000 = 1:1$ . B's share = $45,000 / 2 = Rs 22,500$ .
What is the average of all integers between 100 and 250 that are exactly divisible by 11?
MCQExplanation:
First term (a) = 110, last term (l) = 242. For an AP, Average = $(a+l)/2 = (110+242)/2 = 176$ .
Average of 15 numbers is 80. First 6 average 72. Next 6 average 25% more than 72. 13th is 8 more than 15th; 14th is 10 less than 15th. Find average of 13th and 14th.
MCQExplanation:
Total sum = 1200. Sum first 6 = 432. Sum next 6 = $6 \times 90 = 540$ . Sum of last 3 = $1200 - 972 = 228$ . If 15th is x, $(x+8)+(x-10)+x=228 \implies 3x=230, x=76.67$ . Avg of 13th and 14th = $x-1 = 75.67$ .
A flat cost Rs 8,00,000. Landlord wants 9% annual return after Rs 2,000/month maintenance. Find monthly rent.
MCQExplanation:
Desired annual return = $0.09 \times 800,000 = 72,000$ . Monthly return = 6,000. Gross rent = $6,000 + 2,000 = Rs 8,000$ .
An amount doubles in 5 years with compound interest. How many years to grow to 8 times?
MCQExplanation:
$2^1$ times in 5 years. $8$ times is $2^3$ . Time = $3 \times 5 = 15$ years.
A sum becomes Rs 6,600 in 2 years and Rs 7,920 in 3 years at CI. What is the original principal?
MCQExplanation:
Rate = $(1320/6600) \times 100 = 20\%$ . $P(1.2)^2 = 6600 \implies P = 6600 / 1.44 = Rs 4,583.33$ .
Purchased 25L at Rs 45/L and 15L at Rs 50/L. Sold mixture at Rs 48/L. Total profit or loss?
MCQExplanation:
CP = $(25 \times 45) + (15 \times 50) = 1875$ . SP = $40 \times 48 = 1920$ . Profit = $1920 - 1875 = Rs 45$ .
1200 cars produced at Rs 90,000. 200 donated. Remaining: 10% discount on MP of Rs 120 and 'Buy 8 get 2 free'. Find overall gain/loss %.
MCQExplanation:
CP = 90,000. Discounted Price = 108. Paid cars = 800. SP = $800 \times 108 = 86,400$ . Loss = 3,600. Loss % = $(3600/90000) \times 100 = 4\%$ .
Retailer marks AC 80% above CP. Discounts: 25% then 10%. Final SP = Rs 15,552. Find CP.
MCQExplanation:
$SP = CP \times 1.8 \times 0.75 \times 0.9 = 1.215 \times CP$ . $CP = 15,552 / 1.215 = Rs 12,800$ .
40L mixture has juice and water 5:3. How much water added to make ratio 2:3?
MCQExplanation:
Juice = 25L, Water = 15L. $25 / (15 + w) = 2/3 \implies 75 = 30 + 2w \implies w = 22.5L$ .
A takes 15 days, B takes 20 days. They work together for 4 days. What fraction of work remains?
MCQExplanation:
$(1/15 + 1/20) \times 4 = 7/60 \times 4 = 7/15$ completed. Remaining = $1 - 7/15 = 8/15$ .
Oils at Rs 90/kg and Rs 150/kg sold at Rs 144/kg with 20% profit. Find ratio.
MCQExplanation:
CP of mixture = $144 / 1.2 = 120$ . Allegation: $(150-120) : (120-90) = 30:30 = 1:1$ .
Pipes A, B, C fill in 6, 8, 12 hours. All open for 2 hours, then C closed. Additional time needed?
MCQExplanation:
Rate $(A+B+C) = 9/24$ . 2 hours work = $18/24 = 3/4$ . Remaining = $1/4$ . Rate $(A+B) = 7/24$ . Time = $(1/4) / (7/24) = 6/7$ hrs.
Train covers dist in 30 mins at 240 km/h. Distance increases 20%. New speed to arrive in 30 mins?
MCQExplanation:
Dist = $240 \times 0.5 = 120$ km. New dist = $120 \times 1.2 = 144$ km. New speed = $144 / 0.5 = 288$ km/h.
Cars X and Y are 360 km apart. Meet in 4 hrs towards each other, 12 hrs same direction. Speed of X?
MCQExplanation:
$u+v = 360/4 = 90$ ; $u-v = 360/12 = 30$ . $2u = 120 \implies u = 60$ km/h.
Radius of pizza = 21 cm. 75% eaten. Area of remaining pizza?
MCQExplanation:
Total Area = $\pi r^2 = 1386$ (using 22/7). Remaining 25% = 346.5. Decimal match is 346.36.
Ring disc outer radius 10, inner radius 7. Approx ratio of ring area to outer circle?
MCQExplanation:
Ring Area = $100\pi - 49\pi = 51\pi$ . Outer Area = $100\pi$ . Ratio = $51/100 \approx 1:2$ .
Bicycle wheel radius 35 cm. What percentage of circumference covered in quarter turn?
MCQExplanation:
A quarter (1/4) turn of any circle covers exactly 25% of its circumference.
The line $y = mx + 5$ passes through (1, 8). Find m.
MCQExplanation:
$8 = m(1) + 5 \implies m = 3$ .
$31^3 + 18^3 - 37^3 + 210$ is equal to:
MCQExplanation:
$29,791 + 5,832 - 50,653 + 210 = -14,820$ .
PART-D: ENGLISH COMPREHENSION
Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: PERFIDIOUS
MCQExplanation:
Perfidious means deceitful or untrustworthy, which is synonymous with treacherous.
Choose the correct meaning of idiom: Hobson's choice
MCQExplanation:
A Hobson's choice is one where only one option is offered; take it or leave it.
Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word. Perfidious
MCQExplanation:
Loyal is the opposite of deceitful/perfidious.
Identify the misspelt word
MCQExplanation:
The correct spelling is Quintessence.
Spot the correct spelling of a CSF-shunt procedure.
MCQExplanation:
Ventriculoperitoneal is the correct medical spelling.
Choose the correct one-word substitute for: 'An official reprimand or strong criticism'.
MCQExplanation:
Censure refers to formal, official strong disapproval or reprimand.
Select the correct option: The startup scaled so rapidly that its infrastructure could ___ keep pace.
MCQExplanation:
'Barely' means only just or with difficulty, appropriate for the context.
Select the correct option: Rare though the phenomenon is, it can occur ___ prolonged drought conditions.
MCQExplanation:
The preposition 'under' is used idiomatically with 'conditions'.
Select the correct option: While the proposal appeared pragmatic on paper, its implementation proved ___ complicated than expected.
MCQExplanation:
'Than' requires a comparative degree, which is 'more'.
Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: That the report failed to address the root causes (1)/ of the community unrest were surprising (2)/ given the exhaustive data (3)/ compiled over several months. (4)
MCQExplanation:
The subject (noun clause) is singular, so 'were' should be 'was'.
Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: What renders the draft legislation particularly contentious is not its proposed realignment of fiscal powers per se, (1)/ but that it presumes, without empirical substantiation, (2)/ a fiscal equivalence among states whose developmental baselines are (3)/ incommensurable by any normative metric. (4)
MCQExplanation:
Part 2 contains stylistic or grammatical inconsistencies regarding parallel structure.
Change the following from active to passive: They have been neglecting maintenance of the archives for years.
MCQExplanation:
Passive of Present Perfect Continuous uses 'has been being' + V3.
Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word: The choir began the introit at the priest's signal.
MCQExplanation:
Based on standard textbook definitions of homonym/homophone testing.
Convert from passive to active: It was being suggested by multiple sources that the operation had been compromised internally.
MCQExplanation:
Pragmatically correct equivalent for the exam paper context.
According to the passage, how is wisdom primarily acquired?
MCQExplanation:
The passage states wisdom is earned through trial, failure, and reflection.
What does the author mean by "wisdom enriches the soul"?
MCQExplanation:
Wisdom guides ethical behavior and critical moral reasoning.
Who, according to the author, can be wise despite lacking formal education?
MCQExplanation:
The text explicitly mentions farmers, artisans, and elders as potentially wise without formal education.
What is the central contrast drawn in the passage?
MCQExplanation:
The passage contrasts formal acquisition of knowledge with the judicious application of it to life.
According to the author, why has the gap between education and wisdom widened in recent times?
MCQExplanation:
The passage attributes the widening gap to prioritized rote memorization and standardized testing.
Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part: She has the reputation to be a kind woman .
MCQExplanation:
'Reputation' is idiomatically followed by 'of' + gerund.
Replace the highlighted part: The doctor advised him to avoid eating sweets and doing exercise regularly .
MCQExplanation:
Using parallel infinitives removes the ambiguity of the original phrasing.
Convert to indirect: He asked me, "Have you done your homework?"
MCQExplanation:
Tense shifts from Present Perfect to Past Perfect; 'if' conjunction is used for Yes/No questions.
Convert to direct: He said that he would join the meeting after lunch.
MCQExplanation:
'Would' reverts to 'will' and 'he' reverts to 'I' in direct speech.
Rearrange: 1. Strategy framed 2. Metrics tracked 3. User interactions collected 4. Analysts segmented
MCQExplanation:
Logical flow: Collection (3) $\to$ Tracking (2) $\to$ Analysis (4) $\to$ Strategy (1).
Rearrange: 1. systematic investigation 2. Research is pillar 3. theoretical or applied 4. findings documented
MCQExplanation:
Logical flow: Subject introduction (2) $\to$ Definition (1) $\to$ Types (3) $\to$ Documentation (4).